德国

29 Jul 2026 — Germany's KI-MIG enters into force — the largest designation gap closes The KI-Marktüberwachungs- und Innovationsförderungsgesetz (KI-MIG), Germany's AI Act implementation statute, entered into force the day after publication. The Bundestag passed it on 11 June 2026 and the Bundesrat cleared it on 10 July 2026 without calling the mediation committee. Germany opted for a hybrid model rather than a new agency: the Bundesnetzagentur becomes the central market surveillance authority, single point of contact and complaints office outside regulated sectors, with sectoral regulators retained in their own domains. For the most sensitive high-risk categories — biometric systems used in law enforcement, border management and the administration of justice or democratic processes — an independent three-member KI-Marktüberwachungskammer sits within the BNetzA, operating with full independence and reporting annually to the Bundestag. Germany had missed the August 2025 designation deadline by nearly a year; it is now supervised three days before Article 50 applied. Bundesministerium für Digitales und Staatsmodernisierung — Gesetz zur Durchführung der KI-Verordnung (KI-MIG) <https://bmds.bund.de/service/gesetzgebungsverfahren/gesetz-zur-durchfuehrung-der-ki-verordnung> 2026 — Member-state implementation remains the weak link Designation of national competent authorities was due by 2 August 2025; on the available surveys only around 8 of 27 member states had met it by March 2026, and national transposition frameworks are still arriving. Germany's KI-MIG entered into force on 29 July 2026, closing the largest gap; Spain's AESIA, running since June 2024 with sanctioning powers since August 2025, remains the most complete national set-up. Article 50 enforcement from 2 August 2026 is the first real test of this uneven layer, and a jurisdiction without a designated authority is a jurisdiction where the new duties are unenforced in practice.